Leather physical property test method and leather test instrument (1)

Leather is the animal skin that has been denatured and not perishable obtained through physical and chemical processing such as dehairing and tanning. Leather is composed of natural protein fibers tightly woven in three-dimensional space, and its surface has a special kind of grain layer, with natural grain pattern and luster, very comfortable feel.

How to judge whether the leather can meet the standard, to ensure the quality and safety of leather products, need to be tested through the leather testing methods of leather performance test, the next will explain the leather of several commonly used physical properties of the test methods and leather testing instruments.

Tensile strength: refers to the maximum stress that the leather can withstand when it is stretched to the point of rupture, the unit is N/mm². This index reflects the ability of leather to resist tensile damage, the higher the value, the tougher the leather, the more it can withstand greater tension without rupture. For example, upper leather needs to have high tensile strength to ensure that it will not be damaged by foot movement and external pulling during wearing.

Elongation at break: the percentage of the elongation of the leather when stretched to break versus the original length. It reflects the flexibility and ductility of the leather, higher elongation at break means that the leather is able to produce greater deformation without breaking when it is subjected to force, so that the leather products can be better adapted to a variety of shapes and movements in the process of use.

Tearing performance test: Tearing strength refers to the ability of the leather to resist tearing and damage, usually expressed in terms of N. The test is carried out by applying a gradually increasing tearing force to the leather specimen until the leather is torn. During the test, a gradually increasing tearing force is applied to the leather specimen until the leather is torn, and the maximum force value during the tearing process is recorded. Tear strength is critical to the durability of leather products, such as the seams of leather garments and the corners of bags and luggage, which require sufficient tear strength to prevent tearing in use.

Abrasion resistance test: through the specific abrasion resistance test machine, simulate the leather in the actual use of friction with other objects, test the degree of abrasion resistance of the leather surface. Commonly used test methods are Taber abrasion test, etc., to specify the number of times after the friction of the leather wear or abrasion depth to measure its abrasion resistance. Leather with good abrasion resistance is able to withstand long-term friction and maintain the integrity and appearance of the surface, prolonging the service life of leather products.